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1.  Background:

In particular, when fast  analytical processing is not practical, milk preservation and freezing are employed as tactics to inhibit microbial development and avoid milk degradation. Using mid-infrared spectroscopy to estimate the gross chemical composition of milk, researchers have mostly examined the effects of freezing processes and the addition of preservative [1]. For many years, liquid milk has been a vital source of nutrients for humans. However, the illicit use of adulterants and preservatives such melamine, hydrogen peroxide, salicylic acid, benzoic acid, water, neutralizers, and others has long raised questions about the safety of milk. These two kinds of additives are now frequently added to milk in order to meet the needs of overpopulous nations. It appears to be challenging for the dairy sector to operate its plants without the use of adulterants and/or preservatives these days, particularly in India. They not only have the potential to be harmful to human health, but they also damage a nation’s economic . This threat is further encouraged by the public health authorities’ and other law enforcement agencies’ tardiness in taking action against the dishonest traders as well as the absence of quick and easy ways to identify adulteration [2].

The proposed survey has been undertaken to address the problem under question and find its probable solution. A survey gives overall idea on the daily basis of farmers regarding milk production, preservation and the way they handle losses and profits in the village, Udachiwadi, taluka Purandar, District Pune, Maharashtra (figure 1).

2.  Questionnaire:

1. What is name and age of a person?
2. How many milking animals they have?
3. How many years they own the animals?
4. Which efforts do they take to preserve the milk?
5. Which are reasons of milk spoilage? What did they do with spoiled milk?

Figure 1: Location of Udachiwadi, Taluka Purandar, District Pune,        Maharashtra state of   India. (https://www.google.com/maps/place/Udachiwadi,+Maharashtra+412303/@18.3851299,74.082685,14z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m6!3m5!1s0x3bc2e44bd4d4cccf:0x3844fe6de2f82d85!8m2!3d18.3822657!4d74.0828839!16s%2Fg%2F12hnf901w?entry=ttu)

3. Methods Used:

Questionnaire method was implemented by directly visiting the dairy owners and respective farmers. The questions were so normal and framed in such a way that basic information could be collected and the respondents could be felt comfortable. Each of them responded comfortably and co-operatively to the questionnaire.

4.   Result:

The 37 Dairy owners were investigated (table 1). Of them, 36 provided answers of all questions, 1 owner was not ready to provide any answer.

5.      Conclusion:

The milk and its preservation are necessary in the country like India because of both population and climate. By preserving milk, dairy industries or farmers owning cattle can ensure safety and quality of milk which results in preventing spoilage extending shelf life of milk. Both small scale and large scale dairy businesses have expectations from researchers to make new and effective ways of preservation of milk and their products. Hence, the presented survey helps future researchers to work on maintaining the dairy businesses.